Previous studies on the shifts of Chinese marriage and procreation culture did not reveal the essential characteristics of various cultures or the deep-seated socio-economic background. Based on the examination of mainstream societal values, this study reveals that in traditional Chinese society, people's marriage and procreation behaviors were deeply influenced by Familism. This dominant familism marriage and procreation culture adores “perpetuating the family line”, “early and abundant childbirth” and “more children bring more blessings”. With the establishment and development of socialist market economy, Materialistic values have spread in contemporary China. Materialism is gradually replacing Familism, becoming the new dominant force in marriage and procreation culture. Materialism culture of marriage and procreation, at its core, is a culture of low fertility. It exerts influence on individuals' attitudes and behaviors related to marriage and procreation through a series of intermediate factors, resulting in attitudes of “unwillingness to have children” “daring not to give births” and “inability to have children”. To achieve a moderate fertility level, it is necessary to weaken the influence of Materialism and shape a healthy society that is characterized by individual autonomy and a sense of community.

Does delaying age of first childbearing bring economic benefits to women? Previous studies have failed to reach a sufficient consensus. This paper argues that family's policy environment is the key factor to understand the impact of birth timing on women's labor market income. Different institutional environment has shaped the situation of women's human capital investment and its impact on women's career development and long-term economic income before and after childbearing. Based on the longitudinal data of 9 periods of “China Health and Nutrition Survey”, this study uses the Fixed Effect Models to test the impact of the postponement of age of first birth on women's labor market income under the special environment of China's fertility policy. Results suggest that late childbearing within a certain age range is conducive to the improvement of women's income level; women with urban household registration, higher education level, and first birth in the recent past can gain more rewards for late childbearing. From the perspective of economic rationality, this study provides another possible explanation for the delaying age of childbearing in China.

In the context of new-type urbanization，this paper studies the impact of land requisition on labor migration. Based on the data from China Household Finance Survey from 2011 and 2013，we employ the Difference in Difference methods of OLS and kernel matching to empirically test the hypotheses related to labor migration. The results indicate that land requisition would promote labor migration through easing the channel of financial constraints rather than the mechanism of land tenure security. Specifically，those households who are originally from West China，use cash option for compensation，and are confronted with credit constraints benefit more from land requisition and are more likely to migrate with longer distances. Our paper combining the two types of literatures on land requisition and labor migration，can theoretically test the validity of financial constraint theory in the field of land requisition，and also make suggestions for the government regarding how to enhance the employment guidance and ease the conflicts of land requisition. New population trend calls for better attention to the social governance problem for land requisition.

This research develops specific goals,paths and strategies of urbanization in China upon analyzing the Chinese characteristics and future trends of urbanization.Urbanization will become basic national conditions of China′s future social development,which will have significant impacts on the sources and driving forces of future prosperity and development.However,current challenges in China’s urbanization are that population urbanization lags behind industrialization and land urbanization,and urbanization of the household registered population lags behind urbanization of the resident population.China′s urbanization development will be shifted from a pure speed approach to an approach combining speed with quality during the "Twelfth Five-Year plan" period,and the economic reform will enter into a new stage characterized by promoting in-depth urbanization and urban-rural integration.An urbanization model with Chinese characteristics would be developed by taking urbanization as the leading force in deepening the reform,directing at household registration system reform and employment promotion,enhancing urbanization quality,and promoting equalization of rural and urban public services.